One of the best-studied examples is a cousin of quantum chromodynamics, the field theory describing strong nuclear forces. Yet the theories that can be solved capture some essential features of theories realized in nature. The collection of theories that can be solved using the duality is still rather limited it does not contain any theory that describes a known physical system. If one simply assumes that the duality is true, then it provides a wealth of new information about strongly coupled field theory. In this article we will attempt to describe in simple terms what the duality is and how and why it is useful for studying a variety of problems. Do not despair if the terminology is unclear. Depending on the context, the correspondence is known as a gauge/gravity duality, gauge/string duality, or AdS/CFT (anti–de Sitter/conformal field theory) correspondence. They often include a number of finite dimensions-in the form of a sphere, for example.
CURVED SPACE SUPERSYMMETRY IN 2D PLUS
The gravitational theories are defined in a higher-dimensional spacetime containing at least the d dimensions of the particle theory plus one extra dimension of infinite extent. On the other side are theories that include gravity, like Albert Einstein’s general relativity or its string-theoretic generalizations. Such theories describe interacting particles moving in a flat d-dimensional spacetime. On one side of the duality are certain quantum field theories (QFTs)-for example, Yang–Mills gauge theories similar to those in the standard model of particle physics. It is often called a duality because it is an equivalence between two different, “dual” descriptions of the same physics. Eleven years ago several theorists proposed a remarkable correspondence between two seemingly different kinds of theories.
0 kommentar(er)
